Kodi njira yabwino kwambiri yosiyanitsira curcumin yachilengedwe ndi yopangidwa ndi iti?

Njira yothandiza kwambiri yosiyanitsira curcumin yachilengedwe ndi yopangidwa imaphatikizapo kuphatikiza njira zowunikira zomwe zimagwiritsa ntchito kusiyana kwa zizindikiro zawo za isotopic, kuyera kwa mankhwala, ndi mawonekedwe a kapangidwe kake. Njira zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri zimaphatikizapo Kuyesa kwa Carbon-14 (C14), Kusanthula kwa Stable Isotope Ratio (δ¹³C), Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry (HPLC-MS/GC-MS), Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR) Spectroscopy & Microbial Degradation Assays.

Pakati pa zonsezi, mayeso otchipa kwambiri ndi mayeso a Carbon-14 (C14) omwe angathandize kusiyanitsa pakati pa curcumin yachilengedwe ndi yopangidwa mwa kuwunika kupezeka kwa isotope ya radioactive C-14 iyi, yomwe imapezeka m'zamoyo koma imawola pakapita nthawi. Umu ndi momwe imagwirira ntchito:

pa1. Choyamba, tiyeni tiwone Kodi Carbon-14 (C14) ndi chiyani?
Zachilengedwe C14: Chopangidwa mumlengalenga ndi kuwala kwa cosmic, C14 imayamwa ndi zomera panthawi ya photosynthesis. Imawola pamlingo wodziwikiratu (theka la moyo: ~zaka 5,730).
Zopangidwa ndi Zachilengedwe:
paCurcumin Yachilengedwe (kuchokera ku mizu ya turmeric): Muli C14 chifukwa imachokera ku zomera zamoyo.
Curcumin yopangidwa (yopangidwa mu labotale kuchokera ku petrochemicals): Nthawi zambiri imakhalabe ndi C14, chifukwa kaboni wochokera ku mafuta oyambira (monga mafuta a petroleum) alibe C14 yomwe imapezeka (yomwe yawonongeka kwa zaka mamiliyoni ambiri).

pa2. Momwe Kuyesa kwa C14 Kumagwirira Ntchito​
Kusanthula Zitsanzo: Labu imayesa C14 yotsala mu chitsanzo cha curcumin pogwiritsa ntchito njira monga Accelerator Mass Spectrometry (AMS).
Kutanthauzira:
Curcumin yachilengedwe: Ma C14 omwe amaoneka (ogwirizana ndi zomera zamakono).
Curcumin yopangidwa: Near-zero C14 (ngati imachokera ku zinthu zosabwezerezedwanso monga mafuta).

pa3. Zolepheretsa ndi Machenjezo​
Zaka za Zinthu Zoyambira:
Ngati zomera zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito popanga curcumin yachilengedwe ndi zakale kwambiri (monga turmeric yakale), kuchuluka kwa C14 kungakhale kochepa kwambiri kuti kudziwike.
Zopangidwa kuchokera ku zinthu zochokera ku bio:
Kawirikawiri, curcumin yopangidwa ingagwiritse ntchito kaboni yochokera ku zomera (monga shuga), yomwe ingasunge C14. Komabe, kupanga kwakukulu kwa mafakitale kumagwiritsa ntchito mankhwala a petrochemical.
Kuzindikira Kuzindikira:
AMS ndi yovuta kwambiri ndipo imatha kuyeza C14 ngakhale m'zitsanzo zakale, koma zomera zomwe zawonongeka kwambiri zitha kuoneka kuti zilibe.

pa4. Njira Zoyesera Pogwiritsa Ntchito C14​​
Kusonkhanitsa Chitsanzo: Pezani choyera Chotsitsa cha Curcumin kapena ufa.
Kusanthula kwa Labu: Tumizani chitsanzocho ku labu yovomerezeka (monga Beta Analytic, IsoForensics) yomwe imayang'anira kuwerengera kwa radiocarbon.
Yerekezerani Zotsatira:
Ma C14 amakono: Amatsimikizira chiyambi chachilengedwe.
Kuchuluka kwa kuwala kwa kumbuyo: Kumasonyeza chiyambi cha kupanga.

pa5. Mtengo ndi Kuthandiza​
Mtengo: Kuyesa kwa C14 ndi kokwera mtengo, ndipo nthawi zambiri kumagwiritsidwa ntchito pofufuza kapena kutsimikizira zinthu zofunika kwambiri.
Njira ina: Pa mayeso achizolowezi,  HPLC​ kapena  isotopic ratio mass spectrometry (IRMS)​ ingakhale yothandiza kwambiri pofufuza ma profiles a curcuminoid ndi ma isotope a carbon (C13/C12).

paMfundo Zofunika
Curcumin yachilengedwe: Ikhoza kusonyeza C14 yoyezeka ngati imachokera ku zomera zatsopano.
Curcumin yopangidwa: Nthawi zambiri imakhalabe ndi C14 ngati yopangidwa kuchokera ku petrochemicals.
Njira Yabwino Yogwiritsira Ntchito: Kuyesa kwa C14 ndikwabwino potsimikizira zinthu zamtengo wapatali kapena kuzindikira chinyengo cha zowonjezera zokwera mtengo. Kwa ogula ambiri, malipoti a labotale yachitatu (COAs) kapena kuwonekera poyera kwa zinthu ndi njira zosavuta kupeza.
Ngati mukukayikira kuti curcumin yopangidwa, phatikizani mayeso a C14 ndi kusanthula kwa HPLC kuti mutsimikizire ma isomer ratios ndikutsimikizira kuti ndi yolondola.

Pomaliza, ngati mayeso a C14 sakwanira, pali njira yogwirira ntchito yophatikizidwa yomwe ikulangizidwa pansipa kuti mupeze mayeso olondola kwambiri.
Gawo 1: Kuyesa kwa C14​​

Ngati C14 yapezeka → ​​zachilengedwe​.
Ngati C14 palibe → Pitirizani kusanthula kwa δ¹³C.
Gawo 2: Chiŵerengero cha Isotope cha δ¹³C
Mitengo yofanana ndi zomera (-24‰ mpaka -12‰) imasonyeza chiyambi chachilengedwe.
Zinthu zofanana ndi mafuta a m'mabwinja zimatsimikizira chiyambi cha kupanga.

Gawo 3: HPLC-MS ya Zoyipa​

Dziwani zotsalira za solvents, zinthu zomwe si zachilengedwe, kapena ma isomer ratios.
Gawo 4: NMR yotsimikizira kapangidwe kake​
Tsimikizani kapangidwe ka curcuminoid ndi zigawo zazing'ono.